Music Composition Sheet Essay

When the new century rolled over, music was naturally late Romantic in style. Arrangers, for example, Gustav Mahler, Richard Strauss and Jean Sibelius were pushing the limits of Post-Romantic Symphonic composition. Simultaneously, the Impressionist development, drove by Claude Debussy, was being created in France. The term was really detested by Debussy: â€Å"I am attempting to do ‘something differentâ€in a way realitiesâ€what the numbskulls call ‘impressionism’ is a term which is as ineffectively utilized as could be expected under the circumstances, especially by craftsmanship critics† â€and Maurice Ravel’s music, additionally frequently named with this term. Numerous arrangers responded to the Post-Romantic and Impressionist styles and moved in very various ways. The absolute most significant second in characterizing the course of music during the time was the broad break with customary tonality, affected in various ways by various writers in the main decade of the century. From this sprang a remarkable â€Å"linguistic plurality† of styles, procedures, and articulation. In Vienna, Arnold Schoenberg created atonality, out of the expressionism that emerged in the early piece of the twentieth century. He later built up the twelve-tone method which was grown further by his followers Alban Berg and Anton Webern; later authors (counting Pierre Boulez) created it even further. Stravinsky (in his last works) investigated twelve-tone method, as well, as did numerous different arrangers; in reality, even Scott Bradley utilized the strategy in his scores for the Tom and Jerry kid's shows. After the First World War, numerous authors began coming back to the past for motivation and composed works that draw components (structure, congruity, tune, structure) from it. This sort of music hence became named neoclassicism. Igor Stravinsky (Pulcinella and Symphony of Psalms), Sergei Prokofiev (Classical Symphony), Ravel (Le tombeau de Couperin) and Paul Hindemith (Symphony: Mathis der Maler) all created neoclassical works. After World War 2, writers tried to accomplish more noteworthy degrees of control in music in their pieces (e. g. 12 tone strategy and later serialism). The twelve tone strategy is a procedure guaranteeing the utilization of each of the 12 notes in the chromatic scale, this forestalled the lopsided accentuation on singular notes. During the 1940s and 50s arrangers, strikingly Pierre Schaeffer, began to investigate the use of innovation to music in musique concrete (Dack 2002). The term Electroacoustic music was later instituted to incorporate all types of music including attractive tape, PCs, synthesizers, sight and sound, and other electronic gadgets and procedures. From the mid 1950s onwards, Cage brought components of chance into his music. This has brought about different melodic methods, for example, indeterminacy, aleatoric music, music, natural, and free impromptu creation. During the 1970s and onwards, new innovation was accessible and utilized in old style music. This new innovation was tried different things with and ad libbed that equivalent key characteristics of essential traditional music, however had more up to date and more extensive styles and procedures (e. g. 12 tone procedure). This segment in area An of the piece passes on a short rundown of assortment in the melodic ideas (bars 6-7). The striking influence movement all through this area is because of its part generally Romanticism (mid 1900s). Sentimentalism was a passionate and expressive timeframe where a wide range of societies, workmanship, engineering and music was affected by the economic wellbeing of this time. Music by and large was driven by this feeling and hardship that experienced at the time I. e the French insurgency. This feeling gave the writers substantially more articulation and decent variety, with less convention and structure (a quality of music of the traditional period). With this new contemporary traditional style of music, the thoughts and executions of past styles and periods affected the manner in which this music was played, I. e. the influence movement and scope of blended elements. In this segment is stating slurs are utilized to combine the notes to incorporate its tune with being more ‘sway like’ giving it a legato movement. In the congruity a short piece of an arpeggio is played and graduated into an entire harmony completing the scale. This dreary movement of the amicability in the left hand has made a slight inquiry and answer between the tune and concordance in this area. This segment from area B of the piece is a variety of the initial segment, with included methods, elements, notes, and assortment to incorporate more articulation with the piece (bars 14-15). The statement of the writers of this timeframe in post-1945 was appeared through the distress and give up on World War II. Through the destruction and war experienced by the writers as of now, the adjustment in assortment and decent variety of pitch was insignificant, however the inclination experienced were gigantic. These monstrous sentiments depicted in the huge yield of elements and expressive procedures utilized in these contemporary traditional styles, and further built up this classification of music. This area utilizes broken harmonies in the congruity to manufacture the beat and surface from the segment A. while the song is still comparatively organized however additionally created in the utilization of notes esteems. This part shows the change of segment B into the new area C. In this progress the dynamic change step by step to fit the articulation and utilization of entire (set of three) harmonies in segment C. The utilization of the Crescendo into strength, depicts a wide assortment in elements all through the piece (the past areas were piano and mezzo-piano, from above). Strong point in the following area passes on the composers’ tension and outrage in this season of war, and passes on to the responder through this wide scope of elements the feelings and misery individuals experienced during this time. This part passes on the progress between area C and segment D. Through this progress the elements change from a specialty (noisy) to a pianissimo (delicate), these elements give the piece a more extensive territory as far as elements and pass on much more articulation to the responder. The tune anyway is comparable yet in a higher octave, this give the piece an arrangement and passes on the possibility of reiteration all through the piece. The thickness of segment D get more slender, as the concordance is decreased to one note played with longer note esteems, I. e. semibreves. Arrangers during this time of post-1945 utilized a wide range and assortment of elements to expressive themselves with the difficulties and hardships they experienced after the war. This assortment is striking in this piece as this segment contains that branch from strength to pianissimo. All through this arrangement the thoughts, executions and attributes of contemporary old style music have been clear all through this structure. I accept the utilization of the six ideas have been various through this piece and have really outlined the sound and tone of contemporary traditional music. All through the piece, the elements have changed quickly and indicated an enormous assortment of articulation and feeling in the creation. The utilization of one instrument in the organization has demonstrated the crowd that the arrangers for Contemporary Classical music have freedom on loads of instruments and thick thickness, as this doesn't pass on feeling as simple of dainty thickness pieces. The structure of subject and variety, a typical structure utilized in contemporary old style, frequently used to fabricate and bit by bit reinforce the theme or harmony movement of the piece, this makes anticipation and different feelings to the audience members. The methods utilized were very insignificant be that as it may, solid I. e. the legato, slurs, broken harmonies. The length of the notes and piece were very wide in extend, and various in made a numerous of various varieties of the song. The tone shade of the piece was extremely passionate in the method of being miserable, creepy, and dim however upbeat as in the sound was advancing into something more brilliant with a trace of haziness. In general this arrangement made for the ‘annual Young Composers Symposium’ has passed on the viewpoints and normal for Contemporary Classical music to the crowd, and has effectively delineated the musicological setting of the style in building up the utilization of the 6 ideas in the piece.

In instruction box Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

In guidance box - Essay Example It is in reality not an exceptional wonder to experience organizations promoting and selling their items online either through their own gateways or by depending on locales possessed and oversaw by outsiders. In the primary case, the organization creates and showcases the item online without fundamentally depending on players in the customary appropriation channel, for example, merchants, wholesalers, and retailers. This paper will talk about how innovative progressions and the Internet have affected item conveyance on the planet today. The Case of Fujian Wanhua Electron and Technology Company Limited One organization that depends on the Internet to disseminate its items is the Fujian Wanhua Electron and Technology Company Limited. The organization is situated in China and was set up in 1996 (Fujian Wanhua Electron and Technology Co. Ltd., 2013). The organization delivers an assortment of electrical and electronic apparatuses for home, business, office, and corporate use. A portion o f the items that the organization fabricates and showcases incorporate vehicle alert frameworks, cordless phone correspondence frameworks, arrange the board frameworks, and home/office remote thief frameworks (Fujian Wanhua Electron and Technology Co. Ltd., 2013). ... Focal points of Direct Online Distribution of Products There are a few favorable circumstances related with direct dissemination of items utilizing the Internet. One fundamental bit of leeway with this strategy for conveyance is its relationship with low overhead expenses as per Time (2013). This means the organization can make a greater benefit that it would with the consideration of go-betweens. This is the situation thinking about that the organization doesn't share the benefits it gets with the delegates. Besides, a business that does coordinate online circulation is ensured to contact a worldwide crowd (Time, 2013). For instance, in spite of the fact that Fujian Wanhua Electron and Technology Company Limited is situated in China, numerous individuals think about it or if nothing else about its items over the globe. This may not be the situation with organizations that depend on the customary technique for circulation. As a rule, they wind up having a market that is constrained i n reach and along these lines a littler capital base. One more favorable position of direct circulation through the Internet is that it offers clients/customers a great deal of accommodation (Time, 2013). Customers can get the opportunity to search for the items they want whenever of the day or night and whenever it might suit them any place they are the length of they approach the Internet. This means the purchasers are not constrained to shopping by time. Since delegates are not engaged with the exchanges, the clients profit by the immediate course of action in that they get items at costs a lot less expensive than they would somehow or another get with the contribution of go-betweens (Gillai and Lee, 2009). Numerous clients will in general like managing item makers (Time, 2013). Moreover, the clients are bound to get predominant client care

Genophobia or the Fear of Sexual Intercourse

Genophobia or the Fear of Sexual Intercourse Phobias Types Print Genophobia or the Fear of Sexual Intercourse How fear can develop after severe trauma By Lisa Fritscher Lisa Fritscher is a freelance writer and editor with a deep interest in phobias and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Lisa Fritscher Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on November 26, 2019 GlobalStock/Getty Images More in Phobias Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment In This Article Table of Contents Expand Causes Treatment Coping View All Back To Top Genophobia, also known as coitophobia, is the fear of sexual intercourse. People with this fear may be afraid of all sex acts, or only of intercourse itself. The term genophobia is sometimes used interchangeably with erotophobia  or the fear of sex, but the two conditions are actually different. Genophobia specifically describes the fear of the sex act, while erotophobia more generally defines any fear that is related to sexuality.? Causes Like all phobias, genophobia is most likely to develop after severe trauma. Rape and molestation are the most common triggers for genophobia, but cultural upbringing and religious teachings may also increase the risk for this fear. Genophobia is sometimes linked to insecurities or body image issues, as well as medical concerns. Additionally, genophobia sometimes occurs independently of any identifiable causes. Rape Trauma Syndrome Rape is a fundamental violation of the victims body and mind. In the aftermath of rape, virtually all survivors undergo an intense psychological reaction. Although not everyone reacts in the same way, most people follow a loosely organized three-stage path. One way of conceptualizing the journey, from acute trauma through reorganization and finally resolution, is known as rape trauma syndrome. Similar to post-traumatic stress disorder, rape trauma syndrome dramatically elevates the risks of developing related mental health conditions. Phobias most often occur during the reorganization phase, as survivors try to rebuild their lives, although they could develop at any time. The path through rape trauma syndrome is intensely personal and may take anywhere from months to years to fully resolve. Cultural and Religious Fears If you are a member of a religious or cultural group that frowns on sexual intercourse, the fact that you follow those teachings does not indicate a phobia. However, phobias can develop when people transition from one set of beliefs and practices to another. Lingering guilt, self-doubt, or fear of breaking the old ways may heighten the risk for phobias. Performance Anxiety Many people, particularly those who are less sexually experienced, fear that they will be unable to please a partner. Although these fears are generally mild and self-limiting, they can also be more severe. In some cases, performance anxiety can develop into genophobia. Fear of Disease Sexual intercourse carries the risk of numerous diseases, including HIV. Most people are able to successfully balance this risk, using such precautions as condoms, monogamy, and STD testing to bring the risk down to a personally acceptable level. If you suffer from nosophobia, hypochondriasis, cyberchondria, mysophobia, or another related disorder, you may be unable to logically weigh the risks and rewards. You may feel that sex is dangerous and never worth taking even a small chance of infection. Additionally, some people are afraid that sex will be painful. Medical Concerns Fears that arise from legitimate medical concerns are never considered phobias, as long as the level of fear is proportionate to the situation. Numerous medical conditions, from erectile dysfunction to some heart disorders, make sexual activity difficult, impossible, or even potentially dangerous. Caution and even fear may be prudent in these situations. Nonetheless, some people develop fears that are far out of proportion to the level of risk. For example, if your doctor has cleared you to return to normal activities following a heart attack, it is normal to feel some trepidation before your first post-attack sexual experience. Deciding to forego sexual activity altogether would be a disproportionate reaction in that situation. Always follow your doctors advice when coping with any medical condition, and seek assistance for any fear that seems unusually severe or long-lasting. Treatment Genophobia is often treated by sex therapists, who are mental health professionals with advanced training and certification in sexual matters. However, most cases of genophobia can also be treated by traditional therapists without additional certification. Furthermore, those who experience pain or other medical difficulties during intercourse should seek advice from a medical doctor. Battling genophobia is never easy. Many people feel shame or embarrassment  and are reluctant to share such a deeply personal phobia. Yet treatment is generally successful, and the rewards are well worth the difficult and often emotionally painful process. Coping Sex is an important aspect of the human condition, and genophobia can have devastating impacts on those who experience it. Some people choose to live asexual lives, finding meaning and fulfillment outside of sexual experience. However, those who choose asexuality out of fear, rather than clear-headed choice, often find themselves feeling unfulfilled and lonely. Genophobia can also wreak havoc on romantic relationships, particularly if your partners level of interest in sex differs from your own. If you feel youre suffering from genophobia, it can be helpful to speak with a trusted therapist.

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Investigating the Impact of Climate Change on Dust Storms over Kuwait Free Essays

string(102) " the temperature in the summer by decreasing the maximum temperature by 5 Â °C on average due to dust\." Introduction Dust storms are more frequent in summertime in the Arabian Peninsula, and can be highly influential on the climate and the environment in the region. In this study, the influence of climate change in the Middle East and especially in Kuwait will be investigated by high-resolution (48, 12, and 4 km grid spacing) dynamic downscaling using the WRF (Weather Research Forecasting) model. The WRF dynamic downscaling will be forced by reanalysis using the National Centers for Environment Prediction (NCEP) model for the years 1997, 2000, and 2008. We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating the Impact of Climate Change on Dust Storms over Kuwait or any similar topic only for you Order Now The downscaling results will be first validated by comparing NCEP model outputs with the observational data. The global climate change dynamic downscaling model will be run using current WRF regional climate model (RCM) simulations (2006–2010) and WRF-RCM climate simulations of the future (2056–2060). They will be used to compare results between the present and the middle of the century. In general, the dominant features from (NCEP) runs are predicted to be consistent with each other, as well as with WRF-RCM results. The influence of climate change in the Middle East and Kuwait can be projected from the differences between the current and model future run. The average temperature showed a positive trend in the future, as in other studies. The temperature was predicted to increase by around 0.5-2.5 Â °C over the next 50 years. No significant change in mean sea level pressure patterns was projected. However, amongst other things, a change in the trend of the surface win d speeds was indicated during summertime..Climate change is perceived as a significant global and regional issue and hasbecome a significant concern in the Middle East, making it all the more important to investigate (Almazroui, et.al. 2012). The short rainy seasons and the long dry hot summer seasons put more stress on water resources. The matter of increasing or decreasing the summer dust season canmodify the radiation budget between earth and the atmosphere system; the aerosol can affect the incoming radiation by absorbing or scattering, and can change the outgoing terrestrial radiation(Almazroui, et.al. 2012).Therefore, this process may lead into changing the radiative balance, the increase of atmospheric albedo candecrease the percentage of radiation reaching the surface, which leads to cooling the surface (Almazroui,et.al. 2012). Background Since 1985, seawater temperature in Kuwait Bay, northern Persian Gulf, has increased on average 0.6 degrees Celsius per decade(Kulkarni, et.al. 2012).This is about three times faster than the global average rate reported by the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Differences are due to regional and local effects. Increased temperatures are having profound effects on key habitats and on power generation in the Persian Gulf (Kulkarni, et.al. 2012). Dust storms have large impacts across the Arabian Peninsula region. Because of the highest recorded frequency of dust, Kuwait is of great interest in the Arabian Peninsula. Dust has a huge impact on maximum temperatures in Kuwait, where it can decrease the 2 m temperature by as much as 5 Â °C. Dust storms in Kuwait also hasve a huge impacton daily temperatures in summertime. The atmospheric aerosol which mostly consists of dust particles can scatter and absorb radiation, which will affect the radiative impact (Kulkarni,et.al. 2012). The scattering and absorption process can alter the incoming and outgoing radiation. Scattering increases the atmospheric albedo, leading to decreasing in surface radiation, resulting in surface cooling (Kulkarni, et.al. 2012). Usually, during dust storm days, the maximum temperature is reduced by 3 to 5 Â °C in summertime. Global models can illustrate climate change globally, but it is difficult to perform or illustrate regional circulations (Rajendran,et.al. 2013). Therefore, this study will not only attempt to find out the impact of climate change on both the frequency and intensity of dust storms in Kuwait, but it will also analyzethe number and magnitude of dust storms in the future. Problem Statement A common synoptic system in the Arabian Peninsula during the summer is the intense pressure gradient, resulting from the Indian monsoon arising east of the Middle East and the East Mediterranean high pressure west of the region. This causes a strong northwesterly wind across the Arabian Peninsula which is known as the Shaman wind(Rajendran,et.al. 2013). Purpose of the Research The main purpose of this research is to find the impact of climate change on the dust storms in Kuwait. The research aim is to find whether the number and magnitude of dust storms will increase or decrease in the future. Moreover, this research also aims to investigate the changes in the number of dust storm days in future summer seasons. Research Questions Considering the aim of this study, the follwing research questions are designed. These research questions are designed to spefically adress the current issues associated with the climate change in Kuwait. What is the impact of climate change on both the frequency and intensity of dust storms in Kuwait? Whether the number and magnitude of dust storms will increase or decrease in the future? Significance of the Research The increasing importance of understanding dust and its role in the Earth’s climate is driving new research and analysis of past data. Dust storms are becoming more frequent in some parts of the world, transporting prodigious quantities of material over very long distances, affecting human health, coral reefs and climate change (Kulkarni, et.al. 2012). Being able to predict the production of dust in the future is critical to the climate, environment, and human health. It is very important to investigate whether the number and magnitude of dust storms will increase or decrease in the future, as it will provide an idea of how the Earth’s ecosystem will change. Literature review Middle East and the Arabian Peninsula Climate Much of the summer season in the Arabian Peninsula consists of a period of high diurnal temperature variation and hazy weather. The strong pressure gradient which is usually developed in June and July in the Arabian Peninsula creates a strong wind that results in dust storms (Marcella,et.al.2012). The strong Shamal wind tends to ease the temperature in the summer by decreasing the maximum temperature by 5 Â °C on average due to dust. You read "Investigating the Impact of Climate Change on Dust Storms over Kuwait" in category "Essay examples" In other cases, the Shamal wind can be caused by a dry cold front in the Arabian Peninsula, which further reduces the maximum temperature in the area. By mid-July the strong pressure gradient in the area weakens considerably, leading to periods of light northwesterly winds. When there is a lack of a pressure gradient, the Shamal winds become weak, and its direction shifts to easterly to southeasterly in the afternoon due to the sea breeze effect near the coastal area in Kuwait. The thermal low that usually develops over Iraq causes the weak pressure gradient near Kuwait and the eastern region of Saudi Arabia (Rajendran,et.al.2013). Global Climate Modeling Global climate models (GCMs) have the ability to simulate large scale global circulation for the atmosphere and the ocean. The GCMsare used worldwide by scientist to study different climate variables in different regions to investigate climate change. Global climate models can simulate possible future climates model, and can compute several simulations with various greenhouse gas emissions (Graff LaCasce, 2012). Wind Speed Scientists investigated the changes in mean wind speed globally and in different regions in the past, present, and future. Declining wind speeds in middle and lower latitudes are critical to the prediction of future global wind speed changes (Karnauskas,et.al.2009). However, it is significant to understand how climate change can influence wind speed and direction, because they are controlled by atmospheric circulation patterns, which have been indicated by many studies to change globally. In most studies that are based on climate change, results showed that wind speed has changed over the past and will continue to change in future, but it varies between regions and seasons. In the future, some regions may experience an increase in wind speed while some other regions may experience a decrease. Investigating increase or decrease of wind speed regionally will provide a future look in terms of dust storms expansion or shrinking in the Arabian Peninsula (Gillett,et.al. 2003). Temperature Changes in extreme temperatures over a long time period were analysed by Yan,et.al (2002). They determined that not only low temperatures have been decreasing and high temperatures have been increasing during the last decades, but also that there have been earlier changes in these extremes. A high increase in temperature took place between 1910 and 1945 and from 1970 to the present, when the temperature increased by 0.16 Â °C and 0.17 Â °C per decade, respectively, which is about three times more than the increase during the past century(Yan,et.al.2002). This has been a major cause for concerns for public heatlh as fluctuation in the environment temperautre increase global warming. This may increase air pollution, and thus thr risk of air borne diseases. Regional Climate Modeling Climate scientists around the world are investigating climate change by using the downscaling model to ensure higher resolution for more enhanced results (Bichet,et.al.2012). The higher resolution model or the regional climate model that have been downscaled from the global climate model provide a better picture over complex terrain, land-water contrast, regional variations in land use, and regional circulation (Catalano Moeng, 2010). The regional climate model is becoming the tool of preference in their research. Regional climate model simulations for regions similar to the Arabian Peninsula are few.Focusing on the eastern region where Kuwait is located, the model simulation shows a decrease in surface wind speed in both scenarios. Wind speeds are the main cause for dust storms in the region, so a decrease of wind speed in the future should lead to a decrease in dust storms in Kuwait and the Arabian Peninsula (Chu,et.al.2013). Methodology Research Design The research design in this research shall be based on the secondary data and this is the reason that the following research study is based on qualitative eesearch design and therefore, the proposed study will be exploratory in nature. Data are to be collected and information wwill be gathered by using a number of secondary sources, such as the media, publications and literature. By considering goals of the present study, Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) will be analyzed as a modelin order to find the impact of climate change on both the frequency and intensity of dust storms in Kuwait and whether the number and magnitude of dust storms will increase or decrease in the future.As a sample size, GCM will be used to provide lateral forcing for WRF runs for two five-year time periods in which first five years run will be in 2006-2010 and second five years run will be in 2056-2060.The purpose is to investigate the frequency of dust storms comparing the present simulations with futur e simulations. Since the WRF does not simulate dust storms directly, the research will focus on identifying regional conditions conducive to dust storms and analyze the change in frequency of these synoptic conditions under a selected climate scenario. Ethical Considerations Ethical considerations will be prioritised to first place during this research and all the primary and secondary sources of data will be collected in accordance with the privacy policies. The research analysis and findings will be incorporated at the end and they will be entirely based on the observation of the researcher, and the analyis of data will be made. Conclusion The main of this project is to investigate the effect of climate changes in dust storms in Kuwait. These aims were targeded with the view to creating an awarness in regards to possible detrimental effects that can be induced by such changes. It is predicted that knowing the effectsof such changes will also help to predict whether the number and magnitude of dust storms will increase or decrease in the future. Since dust storms frequently hit Kuwait, it may affect human health and coral reefs, as well as have direct association with climate change in Kuwait. Wind speeds are the main cause for dust storms in the region, so a decrease of wind speed in the future should lead to a decrease in dust storms in Kuwait and the Arabian Peninsula (Chu,et.al.2013). REFERENCES Almazroui, M., M.N. Islam, and H. Athar, 2012: Recent climate change in the Arabian Peninsula: annual rainfall and temperature analysis of Saudi Arabia for 1978-2009, International Journal of Climatology, vol. 32, pp. 953-966. Bichet, A., M. Wild, D. Folini, and C. Schar, 2012: Causes for decadal variations of wind speed over land: Sensitivity. Geophysical Research Letters, vol.39, no. 11, pp.1107-1111. Catalano, F. and C.H. Moeng, 2010: Large-eddy simulation of the daytime boundary layer in an idealized valley using the Weather Research and Forecasting numerical model. Bound.-Layer Meteor, vol. 137, pp. 49–75. Chu, C., X. Yang, X. Ren, and T. Zhou, 2013: Response of Northern Hemispheric storm tracks to Indian-western Pacific Ocean warming in atmospheric general circulation models, ClimDyn, vol. 40, pp.1057-1070. Gillett, N. P., F.W. Zwiers, A.J. Weaver, and P. A. Stott, 2003: Detection of human influence on sea-level pressure. Nature, vol. 422, no. 292-294. Graff, L. S, J. H. LaCasce, 2012: Changes in the extratropical storm tracks in response to changes in SST in an AGCM. J. Climate, vol. 25, pp. 1854–1870. Karnauskas, K.B., R. Seager, A. Kaplan, Y. Kushnir, and M.A. Cane, 2009: Observed strengthening of the zonal sea surface temperature gradient across the equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Climate, vol. 22, no.16, pp. 4316–4321. Kulkarni, A., 2012: Weakening of Indian summer monsoon rainfall in warming environment, TheorApplClimatol, vol109, pp.447–459. Marcella, Marc P., Elfatih A. B. Eltahir, 2012: Modeling the summertime climate of Southwest Asia: The role of land surface processes in shaping the climate of semiarid regions. J. Climate, vol. 25, pp. 704–719. Rajendran,K., S. Sajani, C. B. Jayasankar and A. Kitoh, 2013: How depended is climate change projection of Indian summer monsoon rainfall and extreme events on model resolution?. Current Science,Vol. 104, no.10, pp. 1409-1418. Zhang, Y., V. Duliere, P. W. Mote, and E. P. Salathe, 2009: Evaluation of WRF and HadRMmesoscale climate simulations over the U.S. Pacific Northwest. J. Climate, vol. 22, no. 5511–5526. How to cite Investigating the Impact of Climate Change on Dust Storms over Kuwait, Essay examples

The 1000 Years of Revelation free essay sample

To develop the understanding of the topics under discussion in this paper, the main passage under consideration reads as follows in the New King James Version (NKJV): Then I saw an angel coming down from heaven, having the key to the bottomless pit and a great chain in his hand. 2 He laid hold of the dragon, that serpent of old, who is the Devil and Satan, and bound him for a thousand years; 3 and he cast him into the bottomless pit, and shut him up, and set a seal on him, so that he should deceive the nations no more till the thousand years were finished. But after these things he must be released for a little while. 4 And I saw thrones, and they sat on them, and judgment was committed to them. Then I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded for their witness to Jesus and for the word of God, who had not worshiped the beast or his image, and had not received his mark on their foreheads or on their hands. We will write a custom essay sample on The 1000 Years of Revelation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And they lived and reigned with Christ for a thousand years. 5 But the rest of the dead did not live again until the thousand years were finished. This is the first resurrection. 6 Blessed and holy is he who has part in the first resurrection. Over such the second death has no power, but they shall be priests of God and of Christ, and shall reign with Him a thousand years. Through history, scholars have not been able to agree on one interpretation of the millennium, the outcome intended of this paper is to provide the reader with adequate understanding of the interpretive issues of this passage. Through a review of the main elements of this difficult passage and the three main interpretive views that are supported today, the reader will be guided to reach his or her own conclusion on many of the issues that are in question. What is the Millennium? The word millennium comes from two Latin words, Mille, meaning â€Å"thousand,† and annum, meaning â€Å"year. † Simply put, â€Å"one thousand years,† but unfortunately that is where the simplicity ends. Now that we have a basis of a thousand years the question then becomes when does this thousand years fall into our past history, or is it to be some future event? This paper will consider the three major views which are post-millennialism, amillennialism, and premillennialism. All three of these views in this paper are not only based upon the timing of the return of Jesus Christ to the earth but they also incorporate much more than just the arrangement of the events that surround His coming back. Post-Millennialism One interpretive view is that of the post-millennialism. With the prefix of â€Å"Post,† this view is supportive of Jesus Christ returning to earth after the 1000 years. One major problem with the postmillennialist view is that the thousand years is not taken literally. In that the â€Å"thousand years† is used figuratively as a nondescript amount of time. Postmillennialists interpret the key text in Revelation 20 as that the Kingdom of Christ originally began in the first century with the preaching of the Gospel. Through the subsequent preaching and power of the Gospel the postmillennialist believes that the world has become and is becoming a better place. This view is often seen as the â€Å"optimistic† view of the millennium. In retrospect when looking at Christian history, this view must have gained credence with the advent of Christianity becoming the predominant religion of the Roman Empire under the Emperor Constantine. Many attribute the postmillennialist view with that of Augustine in the fourth century. The problem with this view is that Augustine supported the amillennialism view, which will be discussed later in this paper. In the postmillennialist view, over time the power of the Gospel will cause a great revival in the world that would extend to all facets of society, i. e. politics, education, etc. and that they would all come under the influence of Christian principles. The post-millennialists base these beliefs on certain key Scriptures like Mark 1:15 to support their theology. In the review of this passage, we see that Jesus says, â€Å"The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand. Repent, and believe in the gospel. †(NKJV) The word â€Å"time† that Jesus used holds the very meaning of this message. The Greek word that Jesus used is kairos meaning right time or opportune time. With that meaning Jesus was simply telling the audience that with the advent of His coming there was now an opportunity before them to become part of the kingdom of God and that they should not pass this opportunity up. If Jesus was trying to inform the audience that the time of the kingdom of God was beginning at that very moment, as the postmillennialists believe, then he would have used the Greek word, chronos, meaning chronological time. One major problem with the postmillennialist view is that since the coming of Jesus Christ, as a whole, the world has not become a better place, and except for rare occasions, such as the Reformations, society has not fallen under the influence of Christian theology. In consideration of the postmillennialist view some verses that should be review are 2 Timothy 3:13, â€Å"But evil men and impostors will grow worse and worse, deceiving and being deceived. † (NKJV) In this passage, Paul is explicitly explaining that there will be more and more false teachers, not more true preachers of the Gospel. Another verse that sheds light on the inconsistency of the postmillennialist view is that of Revelation 19:15b, â€Å"And He Himself will rule them with a rod of iron. †(NKJV) This is speaking of when Jesus comes back the second time to rule and that He has to do it with a rod of iron. If He has to rule with an â€Å"iron rod† how can it be considered that we could do it under our own power? Amillennialism The next interpretive view that we should examine is that of the amillennialist. As stated previously, this view began to influence the church under the teachings of Augustine, the bishop of Hippo, in the late fourth century. Augustine interpreted the statements in the book of Revelation allegorically or figuratively, much like the postmillennialists. Using the prefix a meaning â€Å"no† gives the idea that there is no millennium or 1000 years. Augustine believed that by looking at our spiritual blessings and riches that we have now, we now have as much millennium that we will ever know. In his views, Augustine did not stray too far from that of Origen in that the manifestation of the kingdom of God happens within the souls of man not the actual world. This symbolic interpretation of the Bible can become a â€Å"slippery slope. † Anthony Hoekema a proponent of amillennialism stated, â€Å"Literalism is the most stupid and dangerous scheme ever advocated. By not interpreting the Bible literally, some amillennialist believe that there is no future for Israel in that the church is now the believers and that there will be no literal tribulation and that the first of the two resurrections described in Revelation 20 is merely symbolic of the triumph of the Christian martyrs. In looking at our key verses, Revelation 20:1-6, as an amillennialist, in verse 1through 3 we see not a literal angel with the keys and chain but Jesus binding the Devil with His sacrificial work at Calvary. The problem with interpreting this passage symbolically is all the proof texts that we read in the New Testament where the Apostles warn the believers that the Devil is very active such as 1 Peter 5:8. In verse 5 where we are told the martyrs would live and reign with Jesus was the â€Å"first resurrection,† looking at it in an amillennialist viewpoint, this was just â€Å"new birth† that is experience by all Christians upon salvation. The question to ask is, â€Å"Who are the rest of the dead that did not live until after the 1000 years were finished? † Premillennialism The last major interpretive view of the 1000 years that we will consider is that of premillennialism. Premillennialist believe in the literal interpretation of Revelation 20:1-6 that there will be a 1000 year reign of Jesus Christ upon the earth after His second coming. Where the Amillennialists try to use different scriptures to disprove this passage, such as the cattle on a thousand hills (Psalms 50:10) where they ask couldn’t God own the cattle on a thousand and one hills? The Premillennialists see this passage as proof text of God fulfilling His promises to both Israel and the church. In consideration of the nation of Israel one passage, Psalms 22:27, 28: All the ends of the world Shall remember and turn to the Lord, And all the families of the nations Shall worship before You. 28 For the kingdom is the Lord’s, And He rules over the nations. Added to this and many other promises are the covenants made with Abraham that the nation of Israel would inhabit the land and the covenant with David that there would be a special ruler from David’s lineage, we can see that only the millennium will fulfill this promise. In concern of the church we see the promise of the reward to faithful believers being fulfilled in the millennium such as 2 Timothy 2:11, â€Å"This is a faithful saying: For if we died with Him, we shall also live with Him. If we endure, we shall also reign with Him. (NKJV) In a literal translation of the key scripture, the Premillennialist interprets it as a literal angel coming down and binding the Devil in the bottomless pit for a thousand years. This is to assure that Satan does not interfere with Jesus Christ’s kingdom for a thousand years. A corresponding Scripture to this interpretation is Isaiah 24:21, 22. Those who have survived the tribulation and not taken the mark of the Beast will then be ruled by Jesus Christ and those who are spoken of in verse 5 and 6, â€Å"Blessed and holy is he who has part in the first resurrection Over such the second death has no power, but they shall be priests of God and of Christ, and shall reign with Him a thousand years. (NKJV) Those that are part of the first resurrection are the Old Testament saints, the believers who died before the tribulation, those who are taken at the rapture of the church and those Saints who are martyred during the tribulation. They will be different than those who survived in that they will have a glorified body just as Christ did when He was resurrected. (Philippians 3:20, 21) Conclusion In looking at the three views considered in this paper, two of these, post-millennialism and amillennialism, have tried to say that since the 1,000 years is only specifically referenced in Revelation than it should not be taken literally. If this is true then should the seals, the two witnesses, the mark of the Beast, the twenty four Elders and other items that are described only in the book Revelation also be taken symbolically? When we consider some of the early Christians like Origen and Augustine and their beliefs, it would have been easy for any to speculate what the millennium actually was being that a thousand years had not transpired yet. However, now that we are in the second millennium their views require the discount of many key Scriptures that we have covered in this paper and many others not covered due to space. My prayer is that through revelation of the Holy Spirit those who consider a view that Jesus will not literally reign on earth for a thousand years will consult His Word and see that John revealed a literal kingdom on the literal earth with Jesus Christ literally sitting on the throne and the Saints literally ruling with Him for a literal thousand years.

Omnivore Definition and Examples

Omnivore Definition and Examples An omnivore is an organism that eats both animals and plants. An animal with such a diet is said to be omnivorous. An omnivore that youre probably pretty familiar with are humans- most humans (other than those who dont get any nutrition from animal products because of medical or ethical reasons) are omnivores. The Term Omnivore The word omnivore comes from the Latin words omni- meaning all- and vorare- meaning devour, or swallow. Therefore, omnivore means devours all in Latin. This is pretty accurate, as omnivores can get their food from a variety of sources. Food sources can include algae, plants, fungi, and animals.  Animals may be omnivorous their entire lives or just at specific stages of life. Advantages and Disadvantages of Being an Omnivore Omnivores have the advantage of being able to find food in a variety of places. Therefore, if one prey source diminishes, they can fairly easily switch to another one.  Some omnivores are also scavengers, meaning they feed on dead animals or plants, which further increases their food options. They do have to find their food- omnivores either wait for their food to pass by them or need to actively seek it out.  Since they have such a general diet, their means of getting food is not as specialized as carnivores or herbivores. For example, carnivores have sharp teeth for ripping and gripping prey and herbivores have flatter teeth adapted for grinding.  Omnivores may have a mix of both kinds of teeth- think of our molars and incisors as an example. A disadvantage for other marine life is that marine omnivores may be more likely to invade non-native habitats. This has cascading effects on native species, which may be preyed-upon or displaced by the invading omnivore. An example of this is the Asian shore crab which is native to countries in the Northwest Pacific Ocean but was transported to Europe and the U.S. where it is out-competing native species for food and habitat. Examples of Marine Omnivores Below are some examples of marine omnivores: Many crab species (including blue, ghost and Asian shore crabs)Horseshoe crabsLobsters (e.g. American lobster, spiny lobster)Some sea turtles- like Olive ridley and flatback turtles- are omnivores. Green turtles are herbivores as adults, but omnivores as hatchlings. Loggerhead turtles are carnivores as adults but omnivores as hatchlingsCommon perwinkle: These small snails feed mostly on algae but may also eat small animals (like barnacle larvae)Some types of zooplanktonSharks are generally carnivores, although the whale shark and basking shark may be considered omnivores, as they are filter feeders that eat plankton. As they mow through the ocean with their enormous mouths open, the plankton they consume may include both plants and animals. Using that line of reasoning, mussels and barnacles may be considered omnivores, since they filter small organisms (which may contain both phytoplankton and zooplankton) from the water Omnivores and Trophic Levels In the marine (and terrestrial) world, there are producers and consumers. Producers (or autotrophs) are organisms that make their own food. These organisms include plants, algae, and some types of bacteria. Producers are at the base of a food chain.  Consumers (heterotrophs) are organisms that need to consume other organisms to survive. All animals, including omnivores, are consumers.   In a food chain, there are trophic levels, which are the feeding levels of animals and plants. The first trophic level includes the producers, because they produce the food that fuels the rest of the food chain. The second trophic level includes the herbivores, which eat producers.  The third trophic level includes omnivores and carnivores. References and Further Information: Chiras, D.D. 1993. Biology: The Web of Life. West Publishing Company.Harper, D. Omnivorous. Online Etymology Dictionary. Accessed September 29, 2015.National Geographic. Autotroph.  Accessed September 29, 2015.The Oceanic Society. What Do Sea Turtles Eat? SEETurtles.org. Accessed September 29, 2015.